Shared parental responsiveness among fathers and mothers with low income and early child outcomes

Objective Informed by the family systems theory, current study aimed to examine whether shared parental responsiveness between fathers and mothers with low income was associated preschoolers' developmental outcomes. Background Both fathers' mothers' are key contributors their young children's development. However, ways in which work as a system, well role of child development, not understood, especially among families from low-income contexts. Method Participants were Building Strong Families project, racially diverse group socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds (N = 1,173). Fathers' observed during father–child mother–child interactions using two-bags task. Preschoolers' behavior problems, prosocial behaviors, receptive language served outcomes interest. A common fate approach dyadic analysis employed create individual residual variance latent variables, regressed onto. Moderation resident status conducted. Results Shared positively predicted behaviors (Β 0.33, p < .001) 14.85, .001), above beyond variance. did moderate any examined relationships. Conclusion There may be benefits development when demonstrate responsiveness. Implications. Interventions serving could help strengthen mother–father promote